Chemistry 12:  Unit 5 # 1-5.  Lab 20H part I (calculate the pH at every second interval - 0.00, 10.00, 20.00, 24.00, etc).  Show your calculations clearly.  Plot the graph if you get time.  No typical lab set-up needed for 20H.

Food Hamper items - we need more to help out our families over the Holiday Season.

Finally, your Term 2 Grades, including the Acid Base test.

Chemistry 12:  Please bring some food items for the two families that we are taking care of.  Today we learned about buffers (Section 4.19) and I assigned # 131 - 134, which is due Monday.  Lab 20G was handed in today.  Make sure that U4 # 108 - 118 from Thursday is finished too.  Acid Base unit test on Tuesday.

Chemistry 12:  Due Friday is Lab 20G [Calculations for parts I to IV, and Follow-up Questions # 1-3. No conclusion yet].  We also did Unit 4 # 108 - 118 (practice with indicators) and I had meant for these to be done for Friday, but forgot to remind you:).  You were given a practice test, but this will be due on Tuesday.

We are also collecting food for the annual Christmas Family Hamper.  We are in charge of outfitting two families with items for their fridge/pantry.   These items are due next Friday.

Thanks for your focus and attention to detail as we head into the last week before Christmas break. On Tuesday we will have an Acids and Bases test.  There are only 3 weeks left of our course after the Christmas break!

Chemistry 12:  Unit 4 # 94, 95, 97.  Finish the calculations for parts I, II, and III from Lab 20G.

Chemistry 12:  Unit 4 # 84-88.  Today we started Lab 20G by making our own .1 M NaOH and our standard solution of Oxalic Acid.

Chemistry 12:  U4 # 74-80.  Today I collected Lab 20B and unit 4 # 69, 71

K_a Calculations Answer Key

74.  [H⁺] = 6.7 x 10^-5

75.  pH 6.16

76.  [HCOOH] = .78 M

77.  Ka = 9.38 x 10^-3

78.  [H2CO3]  = 0.010 M

79.  pH 4.89

80.  Ka = 2.06 x 10^-10

Chemistry 12:  Unit 4 # 69, 71.  Lab 20B due Tuesday too.  Test next Friday on Acids and Bases (Unit 4).

Chemistry 12:  Today we learned how to find the Keq value for a Bronsted-Lowry equilibrium between a weak acid and weak base.  Unit 4 # 38 - 42 is due on Monday.  Lab 20B will be due on Tuesday.

Chemistry 12:  Unit 4 # 58 - 64.   Make sure that unit 4 # 47-57 (skip 54) is done too, from Monday.

Chemistry 12:  On Friday, we did Unit 4 # 31 - 37, and this was due today.  We learned about pH and pOH this afternoon, and you were asked to do Unit 4 # 47-57 (skip 54) for Tuesday.

Chemistry 12:  Unit 4 # 1-19, 21-24, and 28-30 should be done for Friday.

Grade 8 Volleyball:  Thanks for coming to the Super Tuesday Grade 8 Volleyball Wind-up Extravaganza Jamboree yesterday!  Stay tuned for more opportunities to play volleyball at RSS.

Chemistry 12: Unit 4 # 1-10 due Wednesday.  We started # 11-14, but this is not due until Friday. Please check the grades below to ensure that all is accurate.

Chemistry 12:  On Tuesday we did the Solubility Practice Test and spent time on Lab 19C, which is due Thursday.  Make sure to have me explain the UBC Engineering Leaders Breakfast to you on Thursday.  Test on Unit 3 (Solubility) on Monday.

Also, Okanagan College is having their open house on Nov. 9^th at 7pm. The event starts with a Freshman 15 seminar designed for High School Students and their parents- 15 things you need to know about the world of Post-Secondary whether you plan to attend OC or not. There will also be FREE APPLICATIONS at the event and a Draw for a $500 tuition voucher!”

Grade 8 Volleyball:  Practice on Wednesday at 7:00 pm.  Wind-up mini tournament on Tuesday right after school.

Chemistry 12:  Unit 3 # 81-86 was assigned today, and is due Monday.  Lab 19C is due Thursday. Solubility Test on Monday, Nov 14th.

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  Practice Today at 3:30.  League playoffs on Monday at Shuswap Middle School.  On Monday, meet at afternoon break at the bus stop.  Matches at 4:00 and 5:00 pm.  Home by 7:30ish.  Roster:  Madelin A, Isobel B, Marissa B, Khushi D, Devyn G, Cassidy L, Emily M, Lizzy M, Paige M, Sarah S, Morgan T, Samantha V,

Wind-up mini tournament with the boys team on Tuesday, November 15th, at RSS from 3:30 to 5:00.

Chemistry 12:  Unit 3 # 64, 65, 52, 53, 20 (e and f only),  # 29-33 due Friday.   I need Lab 16D from some of you still. Today we did lab 19C, and this will be due on the double block day next week.

Chemistry 12:  Unit 3 # 64, 65, 52, 53, 20 (e and f only).  Try some of the Selective precipitation problems:  U3 # 29-33.  I need Lab 16D from some of you still.

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  Practice Wednesday night at 7:00 pm.

Chemistry 12:  Today we learned about how to determine whether or not a precipitation using K trial calculations.  I collected the yellow solubility lab.  Due Monday is Unit 3 # 53 - 63.  We also did a quiz like Unit 3 # 44-51.

Chemistry 12:  Unit 3 # 44 - 51 due Friday.  Unit 3 # 40 - 43 was due today.  Also due today was the Solubility Lab, which I did not collect.  Lab 16D will be due Monday, without a conclusion.

44.  0.20 g PbSO₄

45.  0.028 g BaCrO₄

46.  K_sp = 0.00194

47.  [Ag₂CrO₄] = 6.5 x 10^-5

48.  1.1 g/L CaSO₄

49.  2.1 x 10^-4 g/L 

50.  K_sp = 1.1 x 10^-49

51.  1.2 x 10^-10 

Chemistry 12:  U3 # 21 and 25 (any 5 reactions that produce a precipitate)

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  Practice Sunday night from 7:00 - 8:30.  An important practice for those on the roster to play Monday, October 24th at 4:00, 5:00 and 6:00.  See change room bulletin board for roster.

Chemistry 12:  A progress report for you.  Keep working hard!  All  your efforts will pay off:)

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  Practice at 7:00 - 8:30 pm on Sunday night.   Wednesday and Friday practices are cancelled.  League at home on Monday at 4:00, 5:00 and 6:00.  See posted roster by PE changeroom door.  If you are not playing, you are invited to watch, cheer, and learn score-keeping or how to be a "down official".


Chemistry 12:  Today I checked Unit 3 # 1-9.  We did # 18-20d, and 10 - 13, which is due on Monday.  We started the Solubility Lab, and finished with a quiz.

Chemistry 12:  Unit 3 # 1-9.

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  Lunch Practice today.  No Practice on Wednesday or Friday, because I will be away.  I am working on a Sunday evening practice, so please stay tuned to my blog or the notice board outside the PE change rooms.  Monday night we had successful matches with a few instances of 3-contact volleyball.  In each set we were able to "jump and swing" at an attack ball 2 or more times, which is a good start.  I was asking for 5 attacked balls in each set, so there is work to do still:)

Chemistry 12:  Unit 2 # 52-58 due Friday.  Practice Test is due Monday.  Test on Equilibrium Unit on Monday.

52.  [SO3] = .56 M

52.  [SO3] = .56 M

53.  [Cl2] = .229 M

54.  Shift to products; Q = 6.9

#55  [CO] = 1.17 M;   

#56  0.639 mol Tl⁺;   

#57  K_eq = .044;

58.   0.098 mol H2S  

# 59  2.5 mol of CO2 removed

#60  [HI] = .0389 M, [H₂] = [I₂] = .0055 M;  

#61  16 mol NH₃;  

#62 [N₂O₂] = .0938 M

Grade 8 Volleyball:  Practice on Friday at 3:30.

Chemistry 12:  Today we wrote a quiz on Unit II # 36 - 46 (skip 43), which the assignment from Friday.  Today we practiced Equilibrium Problems, and due on Thursday is Unit II # 47 - 51.  There will be an equilibrium unit test on Monday, October 17th.

47.  Keq = 5.0

48.  Keq = 3.0

49. a)  Keq = 0.013

49. b)  Keq = 0.93

50.  a) Q = 0.89, so shift to Products

50.  b)  Q = 7.5  so shift to Reactants

50.  c)  Q = 4 so no shifting required

51.  a)  Q = 7.5 so shift to Products

51.  b)  Q = 1.4 x 10⁴ so shift to Reactants

51.  c)  shift to Products

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  Practice today - big turn-out, but layers need to eat faster to get more serves in:)
We travel to Shuswap Middle School on Monday, October 17th, and I need parent drivers for this one since I will be at a conference in Vernon and will be approaching Salmon Arm from the south.    Players will leave at 2:15 from the RSS Parking lot.  Matches are at 4:00, 5:00, and 6:00.  We will be home by 8:00ish.  Parent drivers are required to complete some paperwork before they transport students - Clara at the front office can help with this.  Please call or email me if you think you can drive.  (250 -814 -8934, ggale@sd19.bc.ca)

Chemistry 12:  Unit II # 18-28 due next class.  Spend some time on Lab 19A, it will be due Friday.  Read the Pre and Post Lab discussion for hints on the equilibria equations.

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  Lunch practice cancelled today - too bad!  See you Wednesday at 7:00 pm and after school Friday for practice.   See the notice board by the change rooms for the list of travellers going to the next league day.

Chemistry 12:  Unit II # 17-27 (odds only) are due no Tuesday.  # 14 and 15 were collected today by me.  # 8-13 will be due on the double block this week.  On Tuesday, we will work on Lab 19A.

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  Today we left the school at 12:50 for league play in Enderby.  Ennnnderby. N.  Derby.  Enderby.  Practice will be on Tuesday at lunch.

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:

Congratulations to the RSS players on Saturday that finished 6th at our Last spike Tournament!

On Monday, the 12 players listed below will leave class at 1:30 and board the Athletic Bus bound for Enderby.  We play matches at 4:00, 5:00, and 6:00 at A. L. Fortune Secondary, then we travel back to Revelstoke.  Expect to be picking the girls up from RSS at about 9:30  pm.  Bring water bottles, snacks, extra socks, black shorts, and if you want, some cash for food when the games are over.  We will likely stop at Subway.

If you have questions, call Mr. Gale at the school or at 250-814-8934.

Travelling team on Monday, October 3rd to A. L Fortune in Enderby:

Shaunacy A, Isobel B, Hally C, Janna C, Khushi D, Sophie D, Devyn G, Holly H, Paige M, Morgan T, Jerica V, and Cassidy L.

Chemistry 12:  Due Friday is Unit II # 1-7.  We will deal with lab 19A on Friday, and it will not due until Friday next week.

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  Forms and fees need to brought to the office to Ms Maltby.  Practice on Friday after school.  Last Spike Tournament at RSS on Saturday, starting at 9:15 am, and wrapping up in the late afternoon.    Please bring a small plate of snacks for the volunteers and officials (crackers and cheese, sandwiches, baking, fruit/veggie, etc.  

Our first League play is on Monday.  To travel, fees and forms must be completed by Saturday.  We will take 12 players.  If you don't play this Monday, you will go on the next trip.

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  A package of forms went home with the players with waivers, permission forms, and info on practices and matches that are coming up.

This Saturday is the Grade 8 Last Spike Tournament.  Girls are asked to arrive by 9:15 am for warm ups.  Please bring a plate of heathy snacks for visiting coaches and volunteers - fruit, baking, cheese and crackers, and sandwiches are much appreciated.

The League schedule is posted below in blue.  RSS will travel with 12 players each time, and a rotating schedule will allow everyone who wants to play a chance travel.  Regular attendance is a requirement for travel.

North-North Okanagan Grade 8 Girls Volleyball League Schedule 2016

	Time	Court 1	Court 2
Oct 3 Host:  ALF	4pm 5pm 6pm	NS vs REV NS vs ALF NS vs SMS	ALF vs SMS REV vs SMS ALF vs REV
Oct 10 Thanksgiving		No games	No games
Oct 17* Host: SMS	4pm 5pm 6pm	NS vs SMS NS vs REV NS vs ALF	ALF vs REV ALF vs SMS REV vs SMS
Oct 24* Host: REV	4pm 5pm 6pm	REV vs SMS ALF vs REV ALF vs SMS	NS vs ALF NS vs SMS NS vs REV
Oct 31 Halloween		No games	No games
Nov 7 Host – 1st place team	4pm 5pm	G1-1st vs 4th Winner G1vs G2 (for 1st and 2nd)	G2 -2nd vs 3rd Loser G1vs G2 (for 3rd  and 4th )
Nov 14 Host: #1 North	North Zone Championships Top 2 teams from the South, top 2 teams from the North

*only games from these play days will count towards the league standings for playoffs on Nov. 7.

North Okanagan Grade 8 Girls “North-North League” 2016-17

Schools Involved   

North Shuswap (NS), AL Fortune (ALF), Revelstoke (REV), Shuswap Middle (SMS)

League Information

¨ Mondays are game days, starting October 3.  Each team will play 3 matches

             -2 sets/match (Not best 2/3) - 25 points win by 2, cap at 27.

¨ Host team is responsible for set up and take down, scheduling officials and reporting the results (ONLY for Oct. 17, Oct 24, Nov.7 and Nov 14) to the commissioner, Kathy Hoshizaki (khoshizaki@sd19.bc.ca by the next day.

¨ First match starts at 4:00pm. The following match begins as soon as the earlier one ends (even though approximate start times have been provided on the schedule.)

¨ Warm-up:  Each team will receive an “official” five minute warm-up before the first match only.  If a team arrives late, their warm-up may be reduced. Teams are responsible for bringing their own warm-up balls.

¨ The net height is 2.15 m for girls.

¨ Unlimited substitutions

¨ Officiating – Host teams, please provide experienced officials (refs and scorekeepers).  All teams please provide a team roster, and host team supplies rotation cards.

Playoff Information

North-North Playoffs

¨ Monday Nov. 7, hosted by the 1^st place in the league  – determined by the games played on Oct. 17 and Oct. 24 only.  Results will be calculated by number of sets won, or if tied, Volleyball Canada Tie-Breaking rules will apply. 

¨ See schedule for format.  These matches are best 2/3, first 2 games – to 25 points, win by 2; no cap, 3^rd game, if necessary, to 15 points, win by 2, no cap.  The 1^st and 2^nd place team advance to the North Zone Championships on Monday, Nov 14, hosted by the #1 North team this year. 

Chemistry 12:  Today we wrote the Reaction Kinetics Unit Test.  Tomorrow we will do part of Lab 19A.

Chemistry 12:  Rates of Reaction practice test due Friday.  Lab 18C, including a conclusion, is due Friday too.  On Tuesday we will have a Chapter 1 (Rates of Reaction) test, where you will be given a fresh data booklet.  Today we did a quiz on Unit 1 # 54-61.

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  Practice on Wednesday evening at 7:00 pm.


Tuesday, September 20, 2016

Chemistry 12:  Unit 1 # 54-61 due Wednesday.  Lab 18C due Friday, with a conclusion.

Chemistry 12:  Today we wrote notes on Reaction Mechanisms and did Unit 1 # 46-52 after reading Section 1.9.  Lab 18C is due on Friday.  Expect a unit test on Friday or Monday.

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  Practice on Tuesday at lunch, Wed at 7:00 pm.  Friday practice is cancelled.

Chemistry 12:  no new work assigned today, but your Lab 18C will be due on Wednesday next week.  Today we wrote a quiz on Unit 1 # 29-39.

Chemistry 12:  Unit 1 # 29-39 (skip # 33).

Grade 8 volleyball:  Today we practiced at lunch.  See you Wednesday evening (7:00-8:30).

Chemistry 12:  Unit 1 # 20-22, 24-28.

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  practice at 11:40 on Tuesday.  Then at 7:00 pm on Wednesday, and 3:30 on Friday.

Chemistry 12:  Unit 1 # 1-17 should be done for Monday.  Today we wrote a quiz on # 1-12.  You will need some graph paper soon, so please get 20 sheets.

Chemistry 12:  Unit I # 1-12 due Friday.  I will give you more time for 13-17 on Friday.

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  Practice on Friday after school, starting at 3:30.

Chemistry 12:  Rates of Reaction WS due on Thursday.  Have your outline signed for Friday.  Complete the Internet and Wifi user agreement and bring it back to the office.

Grade 8 Girls Volleyball:  First practice will be on Friday at 3:30 pm.

Nearly complete - only the Chemistry 11 classes need to wait for their course marks.

The last column is your course grade, and the second last is your final exam score.  Congratulations on all your accomplishments and we are looking forward to seeing next September.  Have a terrific, safe summer.

Mr. Gale

Chemistry 11:  Today we wrote the Organic Chemistry Test.   Next day we will have a Mock final.

Chemistry 12:  Today we wrote a mock final.  Your final exam is Tuesday.

Science 9 (Year-long):  Today we wrote a mock Final.  Your final exam will happen on Tuesday (bio and Chem)  and Wednesday (electronics and astronomy).

Chemistry 12:  Today you were shown the Prescribed learning outcomes, where you can find a complete list of items we learned in this course (http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/irp//pdfs/sciences/2006chem1112.pdf).  We reviewed reaction kinetics, and spent some time doing an old final exam. There will be a mock final on Monday, and a Final on Tuesday.

Science 9 (P56):  Today we did the Astronomy Practice Test.  Next day you will have an astronomy unit test.

Chemistry 11: Due Monday is the Organic Practice Test.  We will have the Organic Test on Monday morning.  Mock Final on Thursday, and a final on Friday.  On your final, you will get a fresh data booklet, so spend some time memorizing anything that is on your data booklet that you don't already know.

Science 9 (Year long) :  Today we wrote the Astronomy Unit Test.  Due next day is pg 266 # 1-19 (in point form).  Monday is a review day.  Tuesday will the the first half of your final exam (Biology and Chemistry - Chapters 2-8) and Wednesday will be the second half (Chapters 9-14).  Your binder is the best place to find some useful material to review.

Chemistry 11:  We made a homemade worksheet on Ester Formation Reactions, which is due on Friday.  Next day we will do the Organic Unit Review, and on Monday we will have an organic test.  Your mock final is on Thursday, and your Final Exam is on Friday next week.

Chemistry 12:  Today we wrote the Electrochemistry Unit Test.  Yeah!  Review day on Friday, so please bring the practice final exam that I gave you.

Science 9 (P56):  Constellation Lab - hand in asap.  Astronomy Test on Wed, Final Exam on Thursday.  

Chemistry 11:  WS on functional groups.  We continue to work on the Year End Review of units from earlier in the course (Moles, Reactions, Solutions so far).  Please show me as you complete these.

Chemistry 12:  Electrochemistry Practice Test.  Test on Thursday on Unit 5.

Science 9 (P56): Beginners Star Map Lab.


Tuesday, June 14th, 2016

Science 9 (P56):  pg 418 # 1-6, 9-11, 13, 16.  Astronomy Test on Friday.

Chemistry 12:  U5 # 64-66, 71, 73, 80.   Electrochemistry test on Thursday.

Chemistry 11:  WS #9 on alcohols.  Organic Test on Monday.

Science 9 (year-long):  Astronomy Test on Thursday.

Science 9 (P56):  Today we read 13.5, and we did the Galaxy WS which is due on Tuesday.

Chemistry 12:  Read pg 230 - 233 and fill in your Battery placemat.  Do Unit 5 # 52-56 and any two balancing problems

Chemistry 11:  Today we did a short lesson on Aromatics and we did Unit 10 # 30 and 31, then 26-28.  Keep working on the YER assignments - so far the Moles and Ractions units have been made available to you.  Show me when you have completed each one.

Science 9 (P56):  pg 436 # 2,4,5,7,8,10, 11, 14-17 due Monday.    This is your second last weekend before final exams - some time spend studying will pay large dividends later on.

Chemistry 12:  U5 # 26-28 and the Mini Review on Titrations and Electrochemical Cells.   This is your second last weekend before final exams - some time spend studying will pay large dividends later on.

Chemistry 11:  WS # 6 on cis and trans isomers.  This is your second last weekend before final exams - some time spend studying will pay large dividends later on.  

Science 9:  Today we went to Skunk Cabbage to take part in the the Peculiar Procreation Program offered by Parks Canada.  Thank you Amy, Minh, and Mitch for running an excellent program and helping us to review Sexual and Asexual Reproduction in riparian ecosystems.  Look at the previous post for items that are due on Friday.

 Final exams are not far away so please take some time for year end review - its easy:  grab science binder, connect with good friend/sibling/parent, open binder, verbally quiz each other on the contents of binder.  Done.  Repeat daily.

Chemistry 12:  Today I collected Lab 21C.  Due Friday is U5 # 47, 36-40, 44.  We also did a mini review, an I gave out a sample final exam.  Do the sample final exam as a means of preparing for your final.   When you are finished, score it from the answers key posted at the back of my room, and share with me some of your errors.  I can give you another prep exam if you want.

Chemistry 11:  Today we did the Solutions Unit Test.  Due Friday is WS # 4 on Alkenes and Alkynes.    You were given a year-end review of Moles today, but it is not due.

Chemistry 11:  Solutions Test on Wednesday.  (answers to practice test MC:  1A, 2B, 3A, 4D, 5C, 6B, 7B, 8D).  Green Solubility Lab WS and Unit 10 # 17-19 due Wednesday.

Chemistry 12:  Unit 5 # 36-40, 44.  Lab 21C due Wednesday (all qs, fuqs, and a conclusion)

Science 9 (P56):   pg 429 # 1, 4-7, 11, 14, 15 in quality point form due Friday.  Today I collected the planet placemat.  I still need permission forms for many of you for Thursday's trip to Skunkcabbage.

Chemistry 12:  Unit 5 # 34, 35, any 2 from 24 or 25.

Chemistry 11:  Unit 10 # 15,16.

Science 9 (year long) - Have your permission form signed for our field trip on Thursday.  Have your placemat on Astronomy Tools finished for Friday.

Science 9 (P56):   Have your permission form signed for our field trip on Thursday.  Have your placemat on the planets, and the WS on triangulation,  finished for Friday.

Chemistry 12:  U5 # 25 a-d.  Lab 21C (All Questions, FUQ # 1-4, conclusion) due Wednesday.

Science 9 (56):  Today we started a placemat on the 8 planets but this is not due Monday.  Instead, spend 25 minutes preparing for your most challenging final.

Chemistry 11:  Today I checked Organic WS #2 for completion and we did a homework quiz on these concepts.  Due Monday is Unit 10 # 8,9 and Lab 16D (questions, no conclusion). 

Chemistry 11:  Organic Assignment #2 due Friday.  Lab 16D (Qs 1-5 only) due Friday.

Chemistry 12:  Minireview of Electrochemistry due Friday.  Lab 21C due Wednesday with a conclusion.  Today we did a quiz on balancing redox equations.

Wednesday, June 1,  2016

Science 9 (year-long):  Have your orange permission for signed for Monday.  We are going to the Skunk Cabbage trails on Thursday next week.   Today we read section 14.1 and wrote brief notes on each different kinds of telescope.  This is not due Monday.

Science 9 (P56):  Have your blue permission for signed for Friday.  We are going to the Skunk Cabbage trails on Thursday next week.    Today we did pg 385 # 2-12 in fine sentences, which is due Friday.  We watched the first half of "Giants", and we did a lab on Magnetic fields so that you understand how Jupiter's or ours works, roughly.

Chemistry 11:  Unit 10 # 2,3,5.  Today we finished the procedure for the green Solubility Lab.

Chemistry 12:  U5 #24  (any 6 acidic reactions, any 4 basic reactions)

Science 9 (Year-long):  finish pg 436 #2,4,5,7,8,10, 11, 14-17 and the Force of Gravity Lab (the graph and slope calculation should be done.  Have your permission form signed for tomorrow (Field trip next on June 9th).  

Science 9 (P56):  pg 380 # 2-10, 12-15. 



Monday, May 30, 2016

Chemistry 11:  The blue WS titled  "Precipitation Reactions" is due Tuesday.  Today I checked the Organic WS #1.  Lab 16A needs to be in by Tomorrow.

Chemistry 12:  Unit 5 # 19 due Tuesday.  Make sure that you have gained the required Electrochem skills - is U5 # 1-5, 7-14 done?


Science 9 (P56):  No Homework due Tuesday.  Today we learned about the Astronomical cause of the seasons, Retrograde motion, and we nearly completed the Solar System Model (Lab 13B).